17 // pollSeconds is how long one getUpdates call waits for an update.
20 // pollSlack is how much longer than pollSeconds a getUpdates call can
21 // take before the bot gives it up.
22 pollSlack = 20 * time.Second
24 // botAnswerBytes is the most bytes of one answer of the Bot API.
25 botAnswerBytes = 16 << 20
28 // errBotNetwork tells that a Bot API call got no valid answer, such as after a
29 // network error. A later call can work.
30 var errBotNetwork = errors.New("no valid answer from the Bot API")
32 // botAPI calls the Telegram Bot API. The bot token is a part of each URL, so no
33 // error of botAPI holds a URL, a net/http error, or the token.
40 // botError is an answer of the Bot API that tells of a failure. RetryAfter is
41 // the wait that the Bot API asks for after HTTP 429.
42 type botError struct {
46 RetryAfter time.Duration
49 // botAnswer is the envelope of each answer of the Bot API.
50 type botAnswer struct {
52 Result json.RawMessage `json:"result"`
53 ErrorCode int `json:"error_code"`
54 Description string `json:"description"`
56 RetryAfter int `json:"retry_after"`
60 // botUpdate is one update of getUpdates. Message is nil for the kinds of
61 // updates that are not a new message.
62 type botUpdate struct {
63 UpdateID int64 `json:"update_id"`
64 Message *botMessage `json:"message"`
67 // botMessage is a message to the bot. Text is empty for a message that is not
68 // text, such as a photo.
69 type botMessage struct {
70 Chat botChat `json:"chat"`
71 From *botUser `json:"from"`
72 Text string `json:"text"`
75 // botChat is the chat of a message. Type is private for a chat with one user.
78 Type string `json:"type"`
81 // botUser is the sender of a message.
86 // newBotAPI returns the client of the Bot API at base with token.
87 func newBotAPI(base, token string) *botAPI {
95 // GetUpdates waits for the updates from offset on, up to pollSeconds, and
96 // returns them. Telegram forgets each update before offset. Only new messages
98 func (b *botAPI) GetUpdates(ctx context.Context, offset int64) ([]botUpdate, error) {
99 ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, pollSeconds*time.Second+pollSlack)
102 var updates []botUpdate
103 err := b.call(ctx, "getUpdates", map[string]any{
105 "timeout": pollSeconds,
106 "allowed_updates": []string{"message"},
112 // SendMessage sends text to chat as plain text, with no parse mode.
113 func (b *botAPI) SendMessage(ctx context.Context, chat int64, text string) error {
114 return b.call(ctx, "sendMessage", map[string]any{
120 // SendTyping shows the typing action in chat for about five seconds.
121 func (b *botAPI) SendTyping(ctx context.Context, chat int64) error {
122 return b.call(ctx, "sendChatAction", map[string]any{
128 // call sends one call of method with the JSON params and decodes its result
129 // into result, when result is not nil.
130 func (b *botAPI) call(ctx context.Context, method string, params, result any) error {
131 body, err := json.Marshal(params)
133 return fmt.Errorf("%s: encode request: %w", method, err)
136 request, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, http.MethodPost, b.base+"/bot"+b.token+"/"+method, bytes.NewReader(body))
138 return fmt.Errorf("%s: make request: %s", method, b.redact(err))
141 request.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
142 response, err := b.http.Do(request)
144 return fmt.Errorf("%s: %w: %s", method, errBotNetwork, b.redact(err))
147 data, err := io.ReadAll(io.LimitReader(response.Body, botAnswerBytes))
148 err = errors.Join(err, response.Body.Close())
150 return fmt.Errorf("%s: %w: read answer: %s", method, errBotNetwork, b.redact(err))
154 err = json.Unmarshal(data, &answer)
155 if err != nil && response.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
158 Status: response.StatusCode,
159 Description: http.StatusText(response.StatusCode),
164 return fmt.Errorf("%s: %w: decode answer: %s", method, errBotNetwork, b.redact(err))
170 Status: response.StatusCode,
171 Description: b.redact(errors.New(answer.Description)),
172 RetryAfter: time.Duration(answer.Parameters.RetryAfter) * time.Second,
180 err = json.Unmarshal(answer.Result, result)
182 return fmt.Errorf("%s: %w: decode result: %s", method, errBotNetwork, b.redact(err))
188 // redact returns the text of err without a URL and without the token. A
189 // *url.Error holds the URL of the call, which holds the token, so only its
191 func (b *botAPI) redact(err error) string {
192 var urlError *url.Error
193 if errors.As(err, &urlError) {
197 return strings.ReplaceAll(err.Error(), b.token, "TOKEN")
200 func (e *botError) Error() string {
201 return fmt.Sprintf("%s: Bot API answered %d: %s", e.Method, e.Status, e.Description)
204 // retryable tells if a later try of a failed Bot API call can work: after a
205 // network error, HTTP 429, or a server error. It returns the wait that the Bot
206 // API asks for, or 0.
207 func retryable(err error) (bool, time.Duration) {
208 if errors.Is(err, errBotNetwork) {
213 if errors.As(err, &answer) {
214 return answer.Status == http.StatusTooManyRequests || answer.Status >= 500, answer.RetryAfter